INTERNET ADDRESSING

URL

URL means, "Uniform Resource Locator", by definition is a pointer to a websites resource and is needed to differentiate websites.

It is a string of characters that locates a specific piece of information anywhere on the web. (for example: http://www.wikipedia.org is the URL to Wikipedia) This shows an HTTP Protocol.

An URL can also be broken down into parts.
*You could add a path component that specifically references the host computer.
*You can add a portthat shows where the TCP connection is made on the remote host machine.
*You could add a fragment(AKA: reference) that could specify a specific section you are looking for.

domains

A domain is a location on the internet. It's a particular web server and is the middle part of the address. The domain name tells the location and the type of address. Components of domain names are separated by periods or dots. The three letter extension at the end describes type of domain such Google (www.Google.com), or Government (www.gov.ca) etc. the "Google" and "gov" are the domains.

top level

Top level domain is the end of a domain. So this is the end of an address. For example .com .org .net. Some top level domain names also include a two letter code extension for the country for ex: .us .mx .uk .ca

email

Email addresses are a type of electronic mailboxes used to send and receive messages, all addresses follow the same format which is : username@domain (i.e. jdoe@gmail.com). The major difference between addresses and URL's are the absence of the "@" symbol.

NETWORKING

Networking is a Department under the School of Computer Science. Courses focus on the interconnection of computing systems to share resources, and ultimately should provide an ever-increasing level of complexity in subject material, much as advancing classes in a traditional university do.
Networking is the practice of enabling and harnessing the transmission of data from one computer system to another. A crude analogy of a data network is pictured at right: two tin cans connected by a simple string. Note that what this basic analogy suggests holds true for actual implementations of data networks:

• The network exists merely as a medium for communications of some kind, across it
• A protocol of some form is needed to initiate and carry on conversations (this is not intrinsic to the network itself)
• The same protocol (a spoken language) can also be used with different media for the same purpose; different networks have different advantages and uses

A network may require one engineer to design it, another engineer to build it, and another engineer entirely to administer it. The skills needed for each stage in the process are related but not necessarily dependent; hence, Networking is interdisciplinary. The distinction between Networking and Computer Science in general is difficult to precisely define; it is better perhaps to consider that Networking grew out of Computer Science, because of a need to extend the existing capabilities of a computer (which includes data transmission) across large distances and with other unlike systems. However, an extensive background in Computer Science is not necessary to study or even practice Networking. A Network Engineer is a qualified individual who works with networks of some form, but the scope of that work and the skills required may be as diverse - even from one job to the next - as those of any scientist.

Networking is the practice of enabling and harnessing the transmission of data from one computer system to another, and can be divided into three categories:

• Connectivity Concepts - The principles and methods devices use to communicate over a network
• Mediums - The actual, physical method used to communicate.
• Administration - The process of maintaining a network.